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052024-12

How to illuminate the metallographic microscope in Shanghai

Metallographic microscope is an important optical instrument for analyzing the metallographic structure of metal materials. Metallography mainly refers to the branch of materials science that analyzes, studies and characterizes the microstructure, low magnification structure and fracture structure of materials by means of optical (metallographic) microscopes and stereo microscopes, etc. Quantitative characterization also includes necessary sample preparation, preparation and sampling. It mainly reflects and characterizes the phase and organizational composition, grains (including possible sub-crystals), non-metallic inclusions, and even the number, morphology, size, distribution, orientation, and spatial arrangement of some crystal defects that constitute the material. status, etc. Metallographic microscopes have special illumination systems. Most of its illumination light sources are installed on the side or rear of the mirror body. In order to achieve the purpose of allowing light to enter the objective lens and then enter the eyepiece, it is necessary to install a reflector (plane mirror or prism) at the intersection of the two optical axes to make the light Vertical steering, if the light source is designed at the bottom of the metallographic microscope, the illuminating beam directly passes through the objective lens to the surface of the metallographic sample, and is reflected by the surface of the sample to the objective lens for imaging, and finally the reflector is used for vertical steering. The role of vertical lighting, it is called “vertical illuminator”. Metallurgical microscopes use different ways of reflecting mirrors to turn the beam (or image), and the illumination methods include bright field and dark field illumination. 1. Bright field illumination Bright field illumination is a commonly used illumination method in metallographic microscopes. It relies on a vertical illuminator to emit light from the light source to the objective lens, and the objective lens then reflects the vertical or nearly vertical light on the grinding surface […]
052024-12

The principle of Shanghai compound microscope

For a separate eyepiece, when you place the object where it can image, it will form a positive image or a reverse image. We have learned that the convex lens can be used as a magnifying glass. When we place the object at a point within the focal point of the convex lens, the virtual image formed by it will be in the clear vision interval and then enlarged through the viewing angle so that we can see the object clearly. When placed between one and two focal lengths, we can also obtain a magnified inverted real image. Therefore, the optical principle of the microscope is to use the magnification properties of the above two convex lenses at the same time. Ordinary compound optical microscopes have two convex lenses on the stage. After passing through the convex lens, the inverted and enlarged real image is obtained, and the real image is at the focal length of the second lens (ie the eyepiece), so that the viewing angle can be enlarged to the magnified virtual image. Therefore, the magnification of the microscope is equal to the objective lens and the eyepiece. the result of the multiplication
052024-12

What is the difference between Shanghai electron microscope and optical microscope

Electron microscopes and optical microscopes are optical instruments that are widely used in many fields. Electron microscope is a large-scale instrument that takes the electron beam as the illumination source, transmits or reflects the sample through the electron flow and multi-stage magnification of the electromagnetic lens, and then images on the fluorescent screen. An optical microscope is an optical instrument that uses visible light illumination to form an enlarged image of tiny objects. The main differences between electron microscopes and optical microscopes are as follows: 1. Different lighting sources. The illumination source of electron microscope is the electron flow emitted by electron gun, and the illumination source of light mirror is visible light (old light or lamp). Because the wave length of electron flow is much shorter than the wavelength of light wave, the magnification and resolution of electron microscope are significantly higher than that of light mirror. 2, the lens is different. The objective lens that magnifies in the electron microscope is an electromagnetic lens (an annular electromagnetic coil that can generate a magnetic field in the middle), while the objective lens of the optical mirror is an optical lens made of glass. There are three groups of electromagnetic lenses in the electron microscope, which are equivalent to the condenser, objective and eyepiece in the light microscope. 3. The imaging principle is different. In the electron microscope, the electron beam acting on the sample to be inspected is magnified by an electromagnetic lens and then hits a fluorescent screen for imaging or acts on a photosensitive film for imaging. The mechanism of the difference in the density of the particles is that when the electron beam acts on the sample to be tested, the incident electrons collide with the atoms of the substance to produce scattering. Since different parts […]
052024-12

The harm of blue light from electronic products to the eyes

With the development of high technology and the popularization of electronic products, the group’s eyesight is constantly declining. The rate of myopia in children is increasing year by year, and the degree of myopia in adults is also increasing year by year. The main reason for this phenomenon is the blue light in electronic products. But what is Blu-ray? There is no separate white light in nature itself, and blue light is mixed with green light and yellow light to present white light. Green light and yellow light have less energy, less eye irritation, short blue light wavelength, high energy, LED, computer background light artificial light source retains a relatively large amount of blue light, which makes the artificial light whiter and brighter. Some comparisons The bright white light gives people the feeling of being bluish all the time, which is caused by the high proportion of blue light. The visible light emitted by various new artificial light sources such as computers, TV screens, and energy-saving lamps contains a large amount of short-wave blue light with irregular frequencies. The wavelength is between 400~500nm. So what are the hazards of blue light to the human eye? 1. It may directly reach the retina, resulting in different degrees of myopia 2. May cause fundus damage after cataract surgery 3. May stimulate brown pigment, which is an important cause of macular and freckles on the skin 4. Blurred vision may have occurred, leading to visual fatigue and VDT syndrome 5. May cause glare 6. It may inhibit the secretion of melatonin, disturb sleep, and increase the incidence of major diseases. Any advice on the dangers of blue light? 1. The lighting effects of blue light hazard and “enriched blue” are not unique to LED lighting products. Some metal halide lamps and some fluorescent […]
052024-12

How should Shanghai choose a metallographic microscope

1. First, find out what kind of optical instrument is suitable for the product you are testing. If you only need to observe the appearance of the product and the optical magnification is about 100x, you can choose a stereo microscope or a video microscope; if you need to analyze the product structure, you need to buy a metallographic microscope; if you need high-precision measurement, then Professional measuring instruments, such as measuring microscopes, are required. 2. Friends who understand microscopes know that there are many types of microscopes, and the prices are also different, especially imported microscopes, the price is several times or even dozens of times higher than domestic microscopes. If you don’t have enough budget, you don’t need to spend too much time thinking about importing Microscope! 3, For example, whether you need monitor or computer imaging, magnification requirements, imaging requirements and so on. After understanding such inspection needs, microscope suppliers can quickly recommend optical instruments that meet your inspection needs. 4. The products to be inspected can be sent to the microscope supplier, or directly to the microscope supplier for optical visual inspection of the products. In this way, microscope suppliers can also quickly understand your inspection needs, and microscope buyers can also quickly understand the microscope and its inspection status, and can adjust in time if they are unsatisfactory. In addition, during the sample process, you can also understand the quality of the microscope supplier’s service.
052024-12

How to install the eyepiece objective of Shanghai metallographic microscope correctly

For an optical component in a metallographic microscope, some mechanical components, such as eyepieces, objective lenses, photographic installations, etc., must be stored separately for storage requirements, and they need to be installed and disassembled when using the microscope. Installation steps of metallographic microscope eyepiece and objective lens: 1. The device of the metallographic microscope eyepiece The device of the eyepiece is relatively simple: first remove the plastic dustproof cover on the eyepiece, and then insert the selected eyepiece from the upper end of the eyepiece tube. If you want to change the eyepiece with different magnification, you only need to pull out the originally installed eyepiece from the lens barrel, and then put the eyepiece to be used into the eyepiece barrel, but you should pay attention to whether the eyepiece is in contact with the supporting surface of the eyepiece barrel. Completely coincident. 2. The device of the metallographic microscope objective lens The objective lens of the metallographic microscope is installed on the nosepiece. When installing the objective lens, turn the rough entry handwheel by hand to raise the stage, and at the same time keep a large enough interval between the stage and the nosepiece, and then press the three objective lenses with different magnifications to the low and medium magnifications. , screw into the screw hole of the objective lens of the converter respectively in order of high magnification, and must not be installed in random order. Before the thread is tightened, do not let it go, to prevent the objective lens from falling off and damage, but it should not be too tight, and the tightness should be moderate. After installation, turn the converter and turn the objective lens to the working position. At this time, you should hear the slight “click” sound of the spring […]
052024-12

The difference between upright and inverted Shanghai metallographic microscope

The upright metallographic microscope includes two illumination systems, transmission and reflection, which are two light sources up and down. The upright metallographic microscope mainly observes cermets, electronic chips, printed circuits, LCD substrates, films, fibers, granular objects, The structure, traces, etc. of the surface of the coating and other materials, so the upright metallographic microscope is also called a multi-functional metallographic microscope. It is very suitable for scientific research units, because they have more data to study. Inverted metallographic microscopes are mainly used in casting, smelting, heat treatment research, raw material inspection or data processing analysis. The positions of the field diaphragm, aperture diaphragm, and light box, the field diaphragm, aperture diaphragm, and light box of the inverted metallographic microscope are all behind the objective lens, and the field diaphragm, aperture diaphragm, and light box of the upright metallographic microscope All are behind the eyepiece tube. The position of the stage, the inverted metallographic microscope stage is behind the eyepiece tube, and the upright metallographic microscope stage is in front of the eyepiece tube. If the sample position is not suitable for adjustment, the sample in front of us is easier to adjust. From this point of view, the upright metallographic microscope is more suitable for people’s usage habits. The position of the objective lens, the objective lens of the inverted metallurgical microscope is below the stage, and the objective lens of the upright metallographic microscope is above the stage. Because of this, the inverted metallographic microscope has no limit to the height of the sample, while the upright metallographic microscope limits the height of the sample, and its height depends on the interval between the up and down movement of the stage, and the general height does not exceed 30mm. Therefore, it […]
052024-12

How should Shanghai metallographic microscope do daily maintenance

Adjust the viewing/photographing switch knob on the metallographic microscope to the phot position, convert the information observed in the metallographic microscope to the video interface and camera, turn on the computer, start the image analysis software, and view the real-time image in the metallographic microscope, Collect and dispose of after finding the field of interest. The metallographic microscope is a fine optical instrument. The operation steps and normal maintenance of the metallographic microscope system are as follows: When the machine is not in use, do not cover the dust cover immediately, cover it after cooling down, and pay attention to fire prevention. Infrequently used optical parts are kept in boring containers. Adjust the position of the stage, find the field of view of interest, and perform metallographic analysis. Adjust the viewing/photographing switch knob on the metallographic microscope to the phot position, convert the information observed in the metallographic microscope to the video interface and camera, turn on the computer, start the image analysis software, and view the real-time image on the metallographic microscope, Collect and dispose of after finding a caring field of view. When the center of the circular hole of the stage gasket is far away from the center of the objective lens, do not switch the objective lens to avoid scratching the objective lens. When focusing, be careful not to let the objective lens touch the sample, so as not to scratch the objective lens. The brightness adjustment should not be too bright or too bright, which will affect the service life of the bulb and damage the eyesight. The laboratory should have three precautionary conditions: shock-proof (away from the source of the earthquake), moisture-proof (using air conditioners and borers) and dust-proof (flooring in the air); power supply: 220v± 10%, 50hz; temperature: 0 ℃ 40 ℃. Place […]
052024-12

What are the focusing structures of Shanghai metallographic microscopes?

The focusing mechanism of the metallographic microscope is mainly composed of two parts: coarse focusing and fine focusing. The coarse focus adjustment mechanism is used for fast focus adjustment during microscopic operation. The micro-moving focusing mechanism is used for further cutting. In the process of application, you generally first adjust the focus coarsely, and then adjust the focus finely. In short, in order to achieve a satisfactory imaging effect, the two need to cooperate with each other. 1. Coarse focusing structure of metallographic microscope. The coarse focus adjustment mechanism generally adopts the meshing motion mode of the gear and the rack, and uses the Yanni 9 to perform the fine guide. According to the requirements of structure and quality, the parts of the ship-ni rail guide are made of alloy materials with stable structure and strong wear resistance, and are finely processed. When the rotation is rough, the surface of the full-phase sample will move relative to the optical system, and the adjusted system will move in a flat and straight line. Move the aging tail and the swallowtail pomegranate smoothly, and there is no loose or too tight phenomenon. The precision of the gear and the rack is ensured by adjusting the center distance between the rack and the gear. 2. Micro-focusing structure of metallographic microscope. The micro-movement mechanism has a lever type, a gear type, a planetary wheel type and other structural methods, among which the gear type coarse and fretting coaxial structure is used more commonly. The metallographic microscope has strict requirements on the micro-movement mechanism within the scope of the micro-motion call.
052024-12

Common faults and solutions of Shanghai metallographic microscope

1. Common faults of metallographic microscope: The image of metallographic microscope is partially ambiguous, and the visual newness is not good, such as the image is not obvious, the contrast is not good, and the details are unclear. Treatment method: the sample may not be flat, and the sample needs to be flat; or the position of the objective lens in the optical path is incorrect, make sure that the objective lens is correctly rotated into the position; or the light source is off-center, the center of the bulb needs to be adjusted; the aperture diaphragm is too small , please open the large aperture diaphragm; the front group of the objective lens is dirty, and the objective lens needs to be cleaned; there is dirt and dust on the sample, and the sample needs to be cleaned. 2. The stage slides down automatically. That is, after fine-tuning, the focus is quickly defocused. The solutions are: the axial tension of the coarse focusing knob is too small, and the axial tension of the trimming knob is too small. 3. The illumination system of the phase microscope is not bright The solutions are: whether the power wiring can be connected, check the power connection plug; the fuse is blown, and the fuse needs to be replaced; the light bulb is burned out, and the light bulb needs to be replaced. 4. The light is bright but the field of view is dark The solutions are: first check whether the brightness of the light can be adjusted, and adjust the dimming knob; maybe the aperture diaphragm is too small, you need to open the aperture diaphragm; maybe the field diaphragm is too small, you need to open the field of view light bar. 5. The light source of the metallographic microscope is […]

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